TECHNICAL REPORT
Annual report of the Scientific Network on BSE-TSE 20131
European Food Safety Authority2, 3
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy
ABSTRACT
The EFSA Scientific Network on bovine spongiform encephalopathies and other
transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (BSE-TSE) held its 8th meeting on 8
and 9 October 2013 in Parma. The meeting served as an opportunity to exchange
scientific information on BSE-TSE related issues among EU Member States,
countries from the European Free Trade Association, EFSA, the European
Commission and ad hoc participants. In this occasion, ad hoc representation
included the World Animal Health Organisation (OIE), the EU Reference Laboratory
for Proteins in Feed and the OIE-EU Reference Laboratory for animal TSEs. The
issues discussed ranged from individual Member State cases studies (i.e.
investigation of a potential BSE-like case in a goat in Poland) to worldwide
issues of common interest in the field of BSE-TSE (i.e. update on activities of
the OIE). Opportunities for topics that could be shared in the future in this
Network were also discussed, and the Network Members and Observers expressed
their interest to continue having yearly meetings.
© European Food Safety Authority, 2013
KEY WORDS
network, BSE, TSE, meeting
1 On request from EFSA, Question No EFSA-Q-2013-01004, approved on 11
December 2013.
2 Correspondence: biohaz@efsa.europa.eu
3 Acknowledgement: EFSA wishes to thank the BSE-TSE Network: Medical
University of Vienna – Institute of Neurology (Austria), Veterinary and
Agrochemical Research Centre (Belgium and Luxembourg), National Veterinary
Service (Bulgaria), Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management and
Croatian Veterinary Institute (Croatia), Veterinary Services Cyprus (Cyprus),
State Veterinary Institute Jihlava (Czech Republic), DTU Vet National Veterinary
Institute, Technical University of Denmark (Denmark), Veterinary and Food Board,
Animal Health, Welfare and Feedingstuffs Department (Estonia), Finnish Food
Safety Authority-EVIRA (Finland), French Agency for Food, Environmental and
Occupational Safety (France), Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) and
Friedrich-Loeffler Institute (Germany), Ministry of Rural Development and Food
(Greece), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Hungary), Department of
Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (Ireland), Istituto Zooprofilattico e
Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Val d’Aosta (Italy), Food and Veterinary
Service (Latvia), State Food and Veterinary Service (Lithuania), Officer for
Risk Assessment and Research, Netherlands Food and Consumer Products Safety
Authority, Ministry of Economic Affairs (the Netherlands), National Veterinary
Research Institute (Poland), Ministry of Agriculture (Portugal), National
Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority (Romania), State Veterinary and
Food Administration (Slovak Republic), Veterinary Administration (Slovenia),
Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment Affairs (Spain), Swedish Zoonoses
Centre National Veterinary Institute (Sweden), Food Standards Agency (United
Kingdom) for the preparatory work on this output, and the Observers: National
Veterinary Institute (Norway), Swiss Federal Veterinary Office (Switzerland),
Ministry of Health (Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia), Ministry of
Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Turkey), National Food Authority (Albania),
University of Sarajevo (Bosnia-Herzegovina), Veterinary Directorate
(Montenegro), Food and Veterinary Agency (Kosovo under UN Security Council
Resolution 1244), Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management
(Serbia) and the EU Reference Laboratory for Proteins in Feed, the EU Reference
Laboratory for animal TSEs and the World Animal Health Organisation for the
support provided to this output.
Annual Report of EFSA’s BSE-TSE Network
EFSA supporting publication 2013:EN-532 2
SUMMARY
Developing networking and stronger co-operation with the Member States
(MSs) and strengthening EFSA’s relationship with its institutional partners (EU
and international) and stakeholders are among key recommendations formulated by
EFSA’s Management Board. In accordance with EFSA’s strategy for cooperation and
networking with MSs, the Scientific Network on BSE-TSE was launched in 2006. The
BSE-TSE Network had its first meeting in 2006, and following this one meeting
per year has been held.
The main overall goals of the BSE-TSE Network are to: improve dialogue
among participants; build mutual understanding of risk assessment principles;
enhance knowledge on and confidence in the scientific assessments carried out in
the EU; and provide increased transparency in the current process among MSs and
EFSA. In turn, it aims to raise the harmonisation level of the risk assessments
developed in the EU.
The BSE-TSE Network is currently composed as follows: Network Members
representing 27 EU MSs (Malta has not appointed a representative to this
Network) and Network Observers representing countries from the European Free
Trade Association (EFTA), EU Candidate Countries and Potential EU Candidate
Countries. The European Commission Directorate-General of Health and Consumers
and of Research are also Observers in the Network.
The eighth meeting of the Network was held on 8 and 9 October 2013 in
Parma. In this occasion, representatives from the World Animal Health
Organisation (OIE), the EU Reference Laboratory for Proteins in Feed (EURL-AP)
and the EU Reference Laboratory for animal TSEs (EURL-TSE) were also
present.
Beyond exchanging information on the activities in the BSE-TSE field
carried out by Network Members, Observers, the European Commission and EFSA
since the last meeting, several specific issues were discussed in the 2013
meeting. Key discussions included: past and present perspectives of BSE and TSE
in Croatia, a scientific update on the potential for transmissibility of
non-prion protein misfolding diseases, a case study on the characterisation of a
potential BSE-like isolate from a goat in Poland and updates on BSE-TSE related
activities form the OIE, the EURL-AP and the EURL-TSE.
Following discussion on potential further issues to be considered within
the frame of the Network, it was decided by the Members and Observers of the
Network to continue meeting once per year and to use the available electronic
tools for discussion and data exchange if needed.
Annual Report of EFSA’s BSE-TSE Network
EFSA supporting publication 2013:EN-532 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract
....................................................................................................................................................
1
Summary
..................................................................................................................................................
2
Table of contents
......................................................................................................................................
3
Background as provided by EFSA
...........................................................................................................
4
Terms of reference as provided by EFSA
................................................................................................
4
Activities
..................................................................................................................................................
6
1. Follow-up from annual meeting 2012
.............................................................................................
6
2. Annual meeting 2013
.......................................................................................................................
6
3. Planned Network activities for 2014
...............................................................................................
8
Annual Report of EFSA’s BSE-TSE Network
EFSA supporting publication 2013:EN-532 4
BACKGROUND AS PROVIDED BY EFSA
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is the keystone of European Union
(EU) risk assessment regarding food and feed safety, animal health and welfare,
nutrition, plant protection and plant health. In close collaboration with
national authorities and in open consultation with its stakeholders, EFSA
provides independent and transparent scientific advice and clear communication
on existing and emerging risks associated with the food chain. On request from
the European Commission, European Parliament or Member States (MSs) or on its
own initiative1 EFSA provides scientific opinions on issues falling under its
remit.
The Scientific Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) provides independent
scientific advice on biological hazards in relation to food safety and
food-borne diseases. This covers: Food-borne zoonoses (animal diseases
transmissible to humans); Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (BSE-TSEs);
Food microbiology; Food hygiene and associated waste management issues.
The Panel is one of EFSA’s key drivers on work on BSE and TSE. It carries
out risk assessments in order to produce scientific opinions and advice for risk
managers. The Panel’s risk assessment work is based on reviewing scientific
information and data in order to evaluate the risks posed by a given issue. This
helps to provide a sound foundation for European policies and legislation and
supports risk managers in taking effective and timely decisions.
Developing networking and stronger co-operation with the MSs and
strengthening EFSA’s relationship with its institutional partners (EU and
international) and stakeholders are among the key recommendations formulated by
EFSA’s Management Board. In accordance with EFSA’s strategy for cooperation and
networking with MSs, the BSE-TSE Scientific Network was launched in 2006. The
BSE/TSE Network had its first meeting in 2006 and following this, one meeting
per year.
The seventh meeting of the Network was held on 10 and 11 October 2012.
Members representing the MSs were appointed by the EU MSs themselves through the
Advisory Forum and the EFSA Focal Points.
TERMS OF REFERENCE AS PROVIDED BY EFSA
The main overall goals of the Scientific Network on BSE-TSE are to: improve
dialogue among participants; build mutual understanding of risk assessment
principles; enhance knowledge on and confidence in the scientific assessments
carried out in the EU; and to provide increased transparency in the current
process among MSs and EFSA. In turn, it aims to raise the harmonisation level of
the risk assessments developed in the EU.
The Network strengthens the scientific cooperation on BSE-TSE. It aims at
anticipating and reducing the duplication of activities and hence avoiding
divergence of opinion. The Network is a privileged environment to share data and
methodologies facilitating harmonisation of assessment practices and assist in
anticipating emerging risks in the EU.
The specific objectives of the Scientific Network on BSE-TSE are:
Identifying common themes and areas for mutual collaboration. Identifying and
avoiding duplication and divergence of opinion.
Annual Report of EFSA’s BSE-TSE Network
EFSA supporting publication 2013:EN-532 5
Identification of experts in specific areas and on special issues. Sharing
of data availability and quality. Strengthening cooperation amongst risk
assessors and managers. Exchanging information between EFSA, MSs and other
stakeholders. Strengthening communication between EFSA-MSs and Risk
Assessment-Risk Managers -Stakeholders. Focusing attention on and streamlining
of common research needs. Identifying potential emerging risks when addressing
current issues.
EFSA may entrust to the Network certain tasks, in particular preparatory
work for scientific opinions, scientific and technical assistance, and
collection of data.
The activities of the Network should be recorded in meeting minutes. In
addition, an Annual Report summarising the activities will be produced.
Annual Report of EFSA’s BSE-TSE Network
EFSA supporting publication 2013:EN-532 6
ACTIVITIES
1. Follow-up from annual meeting 2012
At the 2012 BSE-TSE Network meeting, the Members and Observers of the
Network highlighted several issues of interest. In particular, those issues have
been addressed as follows:
1. Update the repository in EFSA’s Sciencenet (extranet information
exchange platform) with information and presentations shared during all the
Network meetings held. This has been updated and will automatically be updated
after each Network meeting.
2. Analyse the questionnaire-based survey launched following the 2012
Network meeting on issues to be consider in 2013 Network meeting. This has been
done and the agenda of the 2013 meeting reflected the issues addressed by
Network Members and Observers.
2. Annual meeting 2013
The annual meeting was held on 8 and 9 October 2013 in Parma, and was
attended by representatives from 22 European Union (EU) Member States (MS)
(Austria, Belgium and Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, The
Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain and United
Kingdom) and two EFTA countries (Norway and Switzerland). The European
Commission (DG SANCO) was also present at the meeting. Further ad hoc attendees
to this meeting included: Dr. Stuart MacDiarmid (World Organisation for Animal
Health (OIE)), Dr. Gilbert Berben (EU-Reference Laboratory for Animal Proteins
in Feedingstuffs (EURL-APF)) and Dr. Marion Simmons (EU Reference Laboratory and
OIE Reference Laboratory for animal TSE (EURL-TSE)). Apologies were received
from Network Members from Denmark, Germany, Lithuania, Portugal and Sweden.
Malta has not appointed a representative to this EFSA Network. Further apologies
were received from Network Observers from the EU Candidate and Potential
Candidate countries who were not able to join in this occasion: Albania,
Bosnia-Herzegovina, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo under UN
Security Council Resolution 1244, Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey.
The following are key issues that were discussed: Past and present BSE and
TSE perspectives in Croatia.
Croatia was welcomed to the Network as a Member in this special occasion,
following the adhesion of Croatia to the EU. The representative from Croatia
presented historical and current experiences on the approach to BSE and TSE
surveillance and controls. Historical preparedness activities aiming at building
TSE-testing capacity and knowledge on TSE controls were carried out with the
support of different countries in the past, in particular of the UK. BSE
surveillance in cattle Croatia has not identified any positive case. Regarding
other animal TSEs, a case of Atypical scrapie in sheep has been identified in
2013.
*** Update on activities of the OIE in the field of BSE and other animal
TSEs
The representative from the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)
presented the activities of this organisation related to BSE and scrapie. A
short description of the current BSE epidemiological situation was presented.
Considerations about Atypical BSE and other animal TSEs were discussed. The OIE
representative highlighted that there were no particular activities ongoing at
OIE level regarding the differentiation of BSE based on strain characterisation
(i.e. Classical BSE, Atypical BSE). Recent modifications in the BSE chapter of
the Terrestrial Animal Health Code regarding small countries were discussed.
*** Further, it was addressed that recently discussions have being held at
OIE level on Chronic Wasting Disease of cervids.
Annual Report of EFSA’s BSE-TSE Network
EFSA supporting publication 2013:EN-532 7
Scientific update on the potential for transmissibility of non-prion
protein misfolding diseases
The representative from Austria updated the participants on scientific
issues related to the prion-like behaviour of altered proteins (‘prionoids’).
The state of the art of experimental and epidemiological evidence on the
potential for transmissibility of non-TSE protein misfolding diseases was
presented. Experimental evidence shows that there are proteins (e.g. Abeta
amyloid, tau, alpha-synuclein) that can behave in a similar way to the prion
protein in terms of in-vivo propagation when experimentally inoculated animal
models. There is no epidemiological evidence that human to human transmission
has occurred in cases other than prion disorders. *** Still, it is acknowledged
that the epidemiological investigation of the occurrence of this hypothetical
phenomenon is not straight forward.
Case study on the typing of a potential BSE-like isolate from a goat in
Poland
The representative from Poland described the scientific, technical and
procedural aspects for the typing of TSE isolates from small ruminants. Firstly,
the description of the bases for BSE and Scrapie strain-differentiation where
presented with detail. This included not only the laboratory methods used but
also an indication of the criteria that is applied for the characterisation of
TSE isolates in animals. Secondly, available results of the typing of a
potential BSE-like isolate from a goat in Poland were shown with detail. The
EURL-TSE Strain Typing Expert Group (STEG) has preliminary classified the strain
as not BSE, but BSE could not be fully excluded. Inoculation studies employing
bioassay are ongoing in order to gain further information on the characteristics
of this strain.
The EFSA Cattle TSE Monitoring Model (C-TSEMM)
The BIOHAZ Secretariat provided a live demonstration of the functioning of
the EFSA C-TSEMM. The impact of different monitoring options in the overall
performance of a monitoring programme was modelled employing some fictitious
scenarios. The practical demonstration on the functioning of the model was found
interesting by the meeting participants.
Update on activities of the EU-Reference Laboratory for Animal Proteins in
Feedingstuffs (EURL-AP)
The representative from the EURL-AP provided an update on the recent EU
regulatory instruments on certain aspects of testing for animal proteins in
feedingstuffs. In particular, aspects of the proficiency testing done before the
new legislation entered into force and specific methodological issues were
presented. Further, experiences regarding limitations and findings during the
first months of the implementation of the new regulation were discussed.
Update on activities of the EU-Reference Laboratory and OIE-Reference
Laboratory for TSEs (EURL-TSE)
The representative form the EURL-TSE presented the activities of this EU
and OIE reference laboratory. The roles of this reference laboratory when acting
as EURL or as OIE-RL were presented. The tasks and challenges addresses by the
laboratory are very wide. These include, among others: keeping of TSE-related
reference materials (i.e. tissues), participation in the rapid screening of
tests and approval of minor testing kit changes and follow up of unusual samples
with the STEG. A brief description of the current epidemiological situation in
the EU and worldwide was presented. The issue of Atypical BSE in the context of
the current BSE epidemiological situation was discussed, emphasising the need
for characterising isolates which is now required by regulations in the EU.
Further issues beyond TSE diagnostics were also presented in detail, in
particular experimental research on clinical aspects of different types of TSEs
in sheep.
Annual Report of EFSA’s BSE-TSE Network
EFSA supporting publication 2013:EN-532 8
Update on the activities of the European Commission in the field of
BSE-TSE
The representative from DG-SANCO provided a comprehensive review of recent
(completed and ongoing) risk-management activities in different BSE-TSE related
fields, which are coordinated by this Directorate General of the European
Commission. A short update on activities in the Directorate General on Research
and Innovation was also presented.
In addition to these discussion topics, the participants exchanged
information on the risk assessment activities carried out since the last meeting
at MS level and in EFSA. Details on some recent and planned TSE-related
scientific publications were shared, in particular from Belgium and
France.
The minutes of this meeting are published on the BSE Network section of the
EFSA website4.
3. Planned Network activities for 2014
The period covering the current Mandate of the EFSA Scientific Network on
BSE-TSE is expiring by the end of 2013.
The BIOHAZ Secretariat presented a draft reviewed mandate and terms of
reference for the Network. This review followed from an analysis made in EFSA
aiming at harmonising networking activities, which took into account
recommendations received from Members of EFSA Networks through a questionnaire
circulated in fall 2012 from the Secretariat of the EFSA Unit on Advisory Forum
and Scientific Cooperation. The revised mandate and terms of reference were
endorsed by the Members of this Network with some minor changes. Following this,
a new mandate from EFSA will be sought in order to request the continuation of
the EFSA Scientific Network on BSE-TSE.
A discussion followed on issues for future consideration in the frame of
this Network. These included the following:
Include the possibility for inviting representatives from other countries
or international organisations in order to have first-hand information on issues
related to BSE and other animal TSEs.
Give consideration to issues related to animal by-products and find points
of common interest that could be considered in this Network or in a parallel
EFSA Network.
Encourage further active participation of members and observers in the
agenda of the 2014 meeting. The Members and Observers of the Network found that
exchanging knowledge in the context of the meeting of this EFSA Network was
overall useful.
Those considerations made will be taken into account in the EFSA
Secretariat when proposing and preparing future activities of this
Network.
The Network Members and Observers expressed their interest in continuing
having a yearly meeting. It was noted that it was the last meeting Prof. Budka
was attending as the Network representative for Austria. The Network gratefully
acknowledged his contribution throughout these years.
4 Available at: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/events/event/131008-m.pdf
(last visited on 09/12/2013)
EFSA supporting publication 2013:EN-532
2014
>>> *** Further, it was addressed that recently discussions have
being held at OIE level on Chronic Wasting Disease of cervids.
<<<
2012
328. Agent causing chronic wasting disease (CWD)
Dr Ben Jebara summarised the situation of the agent causing chronic wasting
disease (CWD) which was a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE), along
with other spongiform diseases, such as scrapie and bovine spongiform
encephalopathy. At the present time there was no scientific evidence that the
infection was transmissible to domestic animals or to humans. Two countries
reported the disease present in 2011: United States of America and Canada.
– 104 –
80 GS/FR – PARIS, May 2012
>>> *** Further, it was addressed that recently discussions have
being held at OIE level on Chronic Wasting Disease of cervids.
<<<
2002 Singeltary vs O.I.E. on CWD to human risk factor ;
Subject: Re: CWD AMERICA ???
Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 19:10:18 +0200
From: "INFORMATION DEPT"
Organization: O.I.E
To: "Terry S. Singeltary Sr."
References: <3d2f0169 .3="" wt.net="">
<012901c229b2 ad43bb90="" f00000a=""> 3D2F2358.5010700@wt.net
I agree with you Dr Terry. The OIE, namely the International Animal Health
Code Commission is working on making proposals to Member Countries to change the
OIE lists so to avoid some the problems mentioned in you e-mail. This will take
at least two years before adoption by the International Committee. For BSE,
countries asked the OIE to post information on BSE on the OIE web site.
Personally, I am interested in Chronic Wasting Disease and I follow what is
distributed through ProMed. Delegates of OIE Member Countries can propose
diseases to be added to the list.
Kind regards.
Karim Ben Jebara
----- Original Message -----
From: "Terry S. Singeltary Sr."
To: "INFORMATION DEPT"
Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 8:43 PM
Subject: Re: CWD AMERICA ???
>>> *** Further, it was addressed that recently discussions have
being held at OIE level on Chronic Wasting Disease of cervids.
<<<
> hello Dr. Jebara,
>
> many thanks for your swift and kind reply.
>
> if i am not mistaken, it was the same email address.
> it was 3 or 4 weeks ago i wrote, as it is, i don't
> save 'sent' emails anymore, unless very important.
>
> my main concern (besides the fact that a potential TSE
> has been in the USA cattle for some time, but the APHIS
> do not test to find), is that the CWD could very well be
> transmitting to humans, and i just did not see to much
> posted about it on OIE site.
>
> > Coming back to your question, Chronic Wasting Disease is not an
OIE
>
> > listed disease. Please see OIE disease lists at
>
>
> why is this TSE (CWD) not listed and followed as with BSE ?
>
> Article 1.1.3.2.
> 1. Countries shall make available to other countries, through
the
> OIE, whatever information is necessary to minimise the spread
of
> important animal diseases and to assist in achieving better
worldwide
> control of these diseases.
>
>
> The USA CWD is an important animal disease.
>
> why is it not followed?
>
> > The decision to add or delete a disease from the OIE lists,
come
>
> > through proposals made by Member Countries and it has to be
adopted by
>
> > the International Committee.
>
> i _urgently_ suggest a proposal to the OIE to follow this disease
very
> closely, and to propose _more_ testing in the USA for TSEs in the
USA
> cattle...
>
> kindest regards,
> terry
>
> INFORMATION DEPT wrote:
>
> > Dear Sir,
> >
> > This is the first time that I receive your e-mail. To whom have
you written
> > in the OIE or to which address?
> >
> > Coming back to your question, Chronic Wasting Disease is not an
OIE listed
> > disease. Please see OIE disease lists at
> >
> > Countries should report to the OIE any disease even is not
listed in the
> > OIE's lists in some conditions (example: an exceptional
epidemiological
> > event). Please read Chapter 1.1.3 of the International animal
health code to
> > have more information on disease notification and
epidemiological
> > information agreed by OIE Member Countries at :
> >
> > The decision to add or delete a disease from the OIE lists, come
through
> > proposals made by Member Countries and it has to be adopted by
the
> > International Committee.
> >
> > Hope that I answered to your question.
> >
> > Best regards.
> >
> > Dr Karim Ben Jebara
> > Head
> > Animal Health Information Department
> > OIE
> >
> >
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: "Terry S. Singeltary Sr."
> > To:
> > Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 6:18 PM
> > Subject: CWD AMERICA ???
> >
> >
> >
> >>I WROTE TO OIE RECENTLY ASKING 'WHY OIE DOES NOT FOLLOW CWD
IN
> >>AMERICA' ? with no reply ? i am still seeking an answer
?
> >>
> >>many thanks,
> >>and kind regards,
> >>terry
=====================
----- Original Message -----
From: "Terry S. Singeltary Sr."
To: "INFORMATION DEPT"
Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 8:43 PM
Subject: Re: CWD AMERICA ???
hello Dr. Jebara,
many thanks for your swift and kind reply.
if i am not mistaken, it was the same email address. it was 3 or 4 weeks
ago i wrote, as it is, i don't save 'sent' emails anymore, unless very
important.
my main concern (besides the fact that a potential TSE has been in the USA
cattle for some time, but the APHIS do not test to find), is that the CWD could
very well be transmitting to humans, and i just did not see to much posted about
it on OIE site.
Coming back to your question, Chronic Wasting Disease is not an OIE
listed disease. Please see OIE disease lists at
why is this TSE (CWD) not listed and followed as with BSE ?'
Article 1.1.3.2. 1. Countries shall make available to other countries,
through the OIE, whatever information is necessary to minimise the spread of
important animal diseases and to assist in achieving better worldwide control of
these diseases.
The USA CWD is an important animal disease.
why is it not followed?
The decision to add or delete a disease from the OIE lists, come through
proposals made by Member Countries and it has to be adopted by the International
Committee.
i _urgently_ suggest a proposal to the OIE to follow this disease very
closely, and to propose _more_ testing in the USA for TSEs in the USA cattle...
kindest regards, terry
END
>>> *** Further, it was addressed that recently discussions have
being held at OIE level on Chronic Wasting Disease of cervids.
<<<
*** PRICE OF CWD TSE PRION POKER GOES UP 2014 ***
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy TSE PRION update January 2, 2014
*** chronic wasting disease, there was no absolute barrier to conversion of
the human prion protein.
*** Furthermore, the form of human PrPres produced in this in vitro assay
when seeded with CWD, resembles that found in the most common human prion
disease, namely sCJD of the MM1 subtype.
Wednesday, January 01, 2014
Molecular Barriers to Zoonotic Transmission of Prions
*** chronic wasting disease, there was no absolute barrier to conversion of
the human prion protein.
*** Furthermore, the form of human PrPres produced in this in vitro assay
when seeded with CWD, resembles that found in the most common human prion
disease, namely sCJD of the MM1 subtype.
*** The potential impact of prion diseases on human health was greatly
magnified by the recognition that interspecies transfer of BSE to humans by beef
ingestion resulted in vCJD. While changes in animal feed constituents and
slaughter practices appear to have curtailed vCJD, there is concern that CWD of
free-ranging deer and elk in the U.S. might also cross the species barrier.
Thus, consuming venison could be a source of human prion disease. Whether BSE
and CWD represent interspecies scrapie transfer or are newly arisen prion
diseases is unknown. Therefore, the possibility of transmission of prion disease
through other food animals cannot be ruled out. There is evidence that vCJD can
be transmitted through blood transfusion. There is likely a pool of unknown size
of asymptomatic individuals infected with vCJD, and there may be asymptomatic
individuals infected with the CWD equivalent. These circumstances represent a
potential threat to blood, blood products, and plasma supplies.
Friday, November 22, 2013
*** Wasting disease is threat to the entire UK deer population CWD TSE
prion Singeltary submission
Wednesday, September 04, 2013
*** cwd - cervid captive livestock escapes, loose and on the run in the
wild
Sunday, September 01, 2013
hunting over gut piles and CWD TSE prion disease
Wednesday, January 01, 2014
APHIS-2006-0118-0100 Chronic Wasting Disease Herd Certification Program and
Interstate Movement of Farmed or Captive Deer, Elk, and Moose
Sunday, December 15, 2013
*** FDA PART 589 -- SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED FROM USE IN ANIMAL FOOD OR FEED
VIOLATIONS OFFICIAL ACTION INDICATED OAI UPDATE DECEMBER 2013 UPDATE
Saturday, December 21, 2013
**** Complementary studies detecting classical bovine spongiform
encephalopathy infectivity in jejunum, ileum and ileocaecal junction in
incubating cattle ****
Wednesday, December 4, 2013
*** Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy; Importation of Bovines and Bovine
Products; Final Rule Federal Register / Vol. 78 , No. 233 / Wednesday, December
4, 2013
Saturday, November 2, 2013
*** APHIS Finalizes Bovine Import Regulations in Line with International
Animal Health Standards while enhancing the spread of BSE TSE prion mad cow type
disease around the Globe
Thursday, December 05, 2013
National Scrapie Eradication Program October 2013 Monthly Report Fiscal
Year 2014 TSE PRION REPORT
Tuesday, October 29, 2013
VARIANT CJD PRESENTS DIFFERENTLY IN OLDER PATIENTS
Wednesday, October 09, 2013
*** WHY THE UKBSEnvCJD ONLY THEORY IS SO POPULAR IN IT'S FALLACY,
£41,078,281 in compensation REVISED
Thursday, October 10, 2013
CJD REPORT 1994 increased risk for consumption of veal and venison and lamb
Friday, August 16, 2013
*** Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) biannual update August 2013 U.K. and
Contaminated blood products induce a highly atypical prion disease devoid of
PrPres in primates
WHAT about the sporadic CJD TSE proteins ?
WE now know that some cases of sporadic CJD are linked to atypical BSE and
atypical Scrapie, so why are not MORE concerned about the sporadic CJD, and all
it’s sub-types $$$
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease CJD cases rising North America updated report
August 2013
*** Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease CJD cases rising North America with Canada
seeing an extreme increase of 48% between 2008 and 2010 ***
Sunday, October 13, 2013
*** CJD TSE Prion Disease Cases in Texas by Year, 2003-2012
>>Our results provide compelling evidence that α-synuclein aggregates
formed in the brains of MSA patients are transmissible and, as such, are
prions.<<<
Tuesday, November 26, 2013
Transmission of multiple system atrophy prions to transgenic mice
Wednesday, May 16, 2012
Alzheimer’s disease and Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy prion
disease, Iatrogenic, what if ?
Proposal ID: 29403
Tuesday, July 17, 2012
*** O.I.E. BSE, CWD, SCRAPIE, TSE PRION DISEASE Final Report of the 80th
General Session, 20 - 25 May 2012
Friday, January 17, 2014
Taiwan Opening to Canadian beef conditional: Health Ministry BSE CJD UPDATE
IN A NUT SHELL ;
(Adopted by the International Committee of the OIE on 23 May 2006)
11. Information published by the OIE is derived from appropriate
declarations made by the official Veterinary Services of Member Countries. The
OIE is not responsible for inaccurate publication of country disease status
based on inaccurate information or changes in epidemiological status or other
significant events that were not promptly reported to the Central Bureau,
layperson
mom dod 12/14/97 confirmed hvCJD, just made a promise to mom, never forget,
never let them forget. ...
Thursday, January 2, 2014
*** CWD TSE Prion in cervids to hTGmice, Heidenhain Variant
Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease MM1 genotype, and iatrogenic CJD ??? ***
kind regards,
Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
P.O. Box 42
Bacliff, Texas USA 77518
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